Tuesday 20 July 2010

MATERNA IS GOOD FOR PREGNANCY LADIES

Having baby is a nice moment for woman. Pregnancy is a time for every woman who is awaited. Need special to keep it from happening abortion such as mentally handicapped. Prosfective mothers should be a lot of rest in three first of pregnancy, should not be lifting the weight, not dringking alkohol and smoking, also should always vheck up to doctor.


During pregnancy, our body always feel weak and tired because the baby will take what ever we have eaten.That is way we need some vitamin. One of the vitamin and mineral that i often consumption during pregnancy is MATERNA from Canada, containg complete vitamins and minerals.

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Saturday 21 March 2009

DRUG UPDATE ON VOLTREX

Voltrex drug grup belongs to antiviral group,Voltrex available only on tablet, dose 500 mg and 1 gram tablet.Generic name Valacyclovir.

General properties :
Each white coated tablet is marked GXCF , and contain 500 mg Valacyclovir which exists as Valacyclovir hydrochloride ( 556 mg ) also contains microcrystalline cellulose, crosspoviclone, magnesium stearate, colloiclalanhydrous silica , white colour concentrate, Carnaubawase and brilliant blue ink.

MODE OF ACTION

It is an antiviral L valine ester of aciclovir virus. It is a specific inhibitor of herpes virus with invintro activity againts HSV type 1 and type 2, varicella zoaster virus, CMV , human herpes virus -6 ( HHV-6). It inhibits herpes virus DNA synthesis and blocks viral replication.

Therapeutic Indications :
  • For the treatment of herpes zoaster ( shingles ).
  • For the treatment of herpes simplex infections of the skin and mucous membrane, including initial and recurrent genital herpes.
Dosage and administration :
Dosage in adults :
  • For the treatment of herpes zoaster 1000 mg voltrex to be taken three times per day for seven days.
  • For the treatment of herpes simplex , 500 mg of voltrex to be taken twice daily.For recurrent episodes, treatment should be for 5 days. For initial episodes, which is more severe, treatment should be extended up to 10 days.
  • For recurrent episodes of herpes simplex, this should idaelly be during the prodromal period or immediately the first signs or symptoms appear.
  • Voltrex can prevent lesion development when taken of the first signs of an HSV recurrance.
Dosage in children : No specific data are available because of the less incidence of diseasesin children.

CONTRA INDICATION :
  • Patient with hypersensitivity to the valacyclovir, acyclovir or any component formulations
  • Immuno compromised patients ( if CD4 cell count > 100 cells/mnt)
Adverse Effects

Mild headache and nausea , sometimes renal insufficiency, micro angiopathic anaemia and thrombocytopenia in severely immunocompromised patientsreceiving high doses ( 8 gr daily ) of valacyclovir.


Storage Instructions :
  • The drug should not be stored in refrigerator. Do not expose the drug to very high temperature as well as low temperature.Always store the drug at room temperature between 15 - 25 degree celcius. Better to store in a closed container.

MISSED DOSES :
Voltrex should be administered at the scheduled time. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as remembered. Do not take it if it is near the time for the nex dose.Instead skip the mised dose and resume your usual schedule, do not ever double up close to catch up.

INSTRUCTION FOR APPROPRIATE USE :
It is best advicedto take the drug after one hour of taking food, teh absorption rate will be more during this period and the effectivness of the drug also increase.

PRECAUTIONS FOR USE :
Treatment with voltrexis not indicated in patient with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Dosage reduction is recommended when administering voltrex to patient with renal impairment
  • Do not administer valacyclovir or precaution must be taken while administering voltrex to dehydrated patients because pecipitation of acyclovir in renaltubules may occur.
  • Caution should be exercised while administering voltrex to patient receiving nephrooxic drugs.
  • Valacyclovir is not recommended for breast feeding mothers.
DRUG INTERACTIONS :
There may be an interaction between valacyclovir and any of following :
a.Cimetidine
b.Profenecid
c.Tenofovir

The use of caffeine or nicotine may hinder the action of voltrexso so strictly advice the patients to curb the use of mentione items.

NURSING IMPLICATIONS

Schedule the drug timing only after food.
Nurses should be very careful while administering the drug.
  • Primary assessment which included knowledge about patients health history for eg:Immunocompromised patients. Drug should not be administered to patients with HIV infection because thrombotic thrombocytopenia and uremic syndrome may occur in these patients at doses of 8 g/day.
  • Keen assessment on the lab resuts including the renal function test especially for elderly patients, very important.
  • Administer the drug at the correct timings and it is most effective when started within 48 hours of onset of rash.
  • Advice the patient to drinks lots of fluids to prevent renal tubule sedimentation.
  • Check the medication prior administration, dont confuse valacyclovir ( voltrex ) with valaganiclovir ( valacyte).
  • Inform the patient about the adverse reaction of the drug including headache, insomnia, purpuric rashes and report it when ever he experiences.
  • Administration of voltrex may decrease haemoglobin level and hematocrit level and also sometimes decreases neutrophil, platelet, RBC and WBC count.
  • Voltrex should not be administered to breast feeding mothers, for pregnan ladies if emergency can administer, there are not teratogenic effects for this drug.
NEWEST UPDATES ON VOLTREX :

  • According to American body of health, the study finds treatment with voltrex not only decreases the viral load of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 but also decrease HIV viral load in woman coinfected with HIV and HSV and it has suppressive effect on HIV viral load.
  • The new study has proved hat it reduces recurrences of herpes.







REFERRENCE

  • Doyle M Rita, 28th editin, spring house publications, Nursing Handbook of drugs, page 628-629.
  • D.Merck Manuel, 9 th edition, Newjersy publications, Manual of valacyclovir, page 10-11
  • Leaflet, Glaxo wellcome publishers.
  • www.thebody.com
  • www.medical dictionary.com
  • www.voltrex.com
  • www.drugs.com.

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